The Appeal of Essay Topics about Culture

<h1> The Appeal of Essay Topics about Culture</h1> <p>If you start your way of life character paper without planning, you can commit a great deal of errors. A person's convictions and ethics are made up by culture and stay all through as long as you can remember. Making a thought of self or individual personality is an outcome of cooperation with the individuals who make up your way of life. In the event that you truly need to limit your subject, you may expound on a specific individual, similar to a melodic craftsman who centers around society or culture. </p> <p>Order and accentuation will be dependent upon predisposition of inquiry. Various societies have diverse kind of structures. Particular societies accept different things. It is accepted to be the underlying and preeminent culture of the planet. </p> <h2> Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Essay Topics about Culture Is Wrong</h2> <p>Argumentative composing will necessitate that you express your position with respect to a particular issue and locate at least three contentions to demonstrate it. Every one of our journalists pass a huge system to view their capacities. Another point of the diagnostic article is to evaluate thinking and that which you would do in different conditions. An arranging stage which causes the exposition layout will assist with adhering to the rationale and incorporate each urgent idea recovered during the act of conceptualizing. </p> <p>The more you understand the less complex it's for you to form a flourishin g exploration paper. When settling on your exploration paper subject, you should make certain it is neither exhausting nor exhausted. The whole research ought to be built around or from the subject. Research papers are attempting, however moreover they have the ability to be to some degree fulfilling. </p> <p>There's notable that you won't can compose an extraordinary quick research paper in case you're not keen regarding the matter by and large and in the subject explicitly. In the event that you like science, you're ensured to talk constant about it. Stay reasonable and select a subject you're ready to inquire about. On the off chance that you need the subject of your history article, you will savor the experience of doing research for it. </p> <h2> The Dirty Facts on Essay Topics about Culture </h2> <p>You should ensure you plan your paper out so you make a strong piece. This post covers some of the colossal thoughts that understudies need to comprehend to react viably to prompts. You wish to interpret that feeling in your paper. Man isn't a thing however an animal that must be comprehended in the exceptionally long system of improvement. </p> <p>The crowd ought to find the acquaintance intriguing moreover with engaging their faculties. Ther e are an amazingly enormous combination of interesting themes which should be possible and should you investigate the rundown underneath you'll get a larger number of thoughts than you will comprehend how to manage. The creative cycle will be a joy, and your peruser will take pleasure in perusing your bit of scholastic composition. The blue penciling of expressions may likewise be drawn closer from a mental outlook. </p> <h2>New Step by Step Roadmap for Essay Topics about Culture </h2> <p>Your contention exposition can focus on issues individuals are continually taking about because of consistent adjustments. Generally, it should be a stand-still yet you use comma. At whatever point you come to a meaningful conclusion, check with the content. On the off chance that you envision you're an attorney in court looking to show your perspective about a book, which may assist with establishing the best possible pace. </p> <h2> Choosing Essay Topics about Culture Is Simple </h2> <p>A social character paper is a type of inventive or scholarly composing that communicates the vibe of having a place with a particular culture credited to the growing up and turning into an unmistakable individual with its character. Everybody ought to get an opportunity to peruse any writing based on their personal preference and structure their own assessments relying upon the perusing. TV is building up another variation of culture The senior classes should be profiled Education for young men and young ladies should be discrete Many people think the perfect method to travel is via vehicle Activity is the sole technique to information The estimation of instruction is thought little of now. It's conceivable to likewise discuss the issues that show up with having a football program.</p> <h2> The Basic Facts of Essay Topics about Culture</h2> <p>In this sort of circumstance, it's progressively advantageous to find instant articles and use them for instance. Remember that at whatever point you are composing your paper there are no mistaken answers. There are events when you're relegated with the subject however more often, you'll have to make a point all alone. </p> <p>Thus, composing a history paper will unquestionably be fun, on the off chance that you essentially choose an extremely interesting history exposition point. An end is as fundamental as some other part of the exposition and must be cautiously and articulately composed. Maybe you just don't have a clue about the subject all around ok, and that is the explanation you can't find the thought for your history exposition. Almost all history paper points are too enormous for two or three pages. </p> <h2>Essay Topics about Culture - Dead or Alive? </h2> <p>In case the world is brimming with anything it's energetic contradiction. Another point to consider is if it's the motivation to have a place or the genuine technique of having a place that impacts personality. Because of the intricate and dynamic nature of having a place, a real feeling of having a place can be situated in different conditions for different individuals. At last, connections are as often as possible the associations where people find the most genuine sense they have a place, however the satisfaction of the basic need to have a place isn't carefully limited to the bounds of a relationship.</p>

A Sample Essay on How Equiano is Able to Conjure the Horrors of Slavery

A Sample Essay on How Equiano is Able to Conjure the Horrors of SlaveryTo write a sample essay on how Equiano is able to conjure the horrors of slavery, you need to have some basic understanding of how that period of time actually transpired. Because this particular time in history is rife with painful and difficult lessons, it is important to understand exactly what it was like in those days. For that reason, a sample essay on how Equiano is able to conjure the horrors of slavery is going to require some research and historical data.The information that you will need to write a sample essay on how Equiano is able to conjure the horrors of slavery includes where slavery originated. Most historians believe that it originated in the British Isles and spread throughout the continent through colonization. There were also instances of Africans being sold as slaves to the New World and settlers such as the Pilgrims encountered a slave population there that were being treated well and force d to work in fields.Horror stories abound about this period of history. Some accounts include accounts of children being forced to dig their own graves or be whipped for even a slight gesture of disobedience. This form of violence and degradation was common place and is something that most students of the period will encounter when studying Equiano's career.While the atrocities that many slaves endured during this period are still painful and difficult to hear about, these were just human beings trying to survive. One way that they were able to survive was through the arts. Most slaves were skilled at music and could communicate with other slaves who had musical talents.The Legacy of Equiano survives today in the form of a large number of children in the country. These children learn to appreciate music and dance because their parents had access to a formal education. On a broader scale, this specific form of education was really the only education available to many slaves.The type of study that you will want to do in order to write a sample essay on how Equiano is able to conjure the horrors of slavery includes taking the same historical data and analyzing it. You may want to consider looking into different social, economic, and political factors that are important in Equiano's career. This is an area that most students of the period will find difficult to grasp.That is why a sample essay on how Equiano is able to conjure the horrors of slavery is important. It allows students to understand the specific areas in which Equiano excelled and what he was able to accomplish despite what obstacles he faced. Additionally, a sample essay on how Equiano is able to conjure the horrors of slavery is also helpful in understanding how he is able to keep his name in the public eye despite the dangers that he faced.No matter how he ended up in the spotlight or how long he has been in the business, Equiano was one of the most important figures in the history of jazz. When yo u're ready to write a sample essay on how Equiano is able to conjure the horrors of slavery, all you need to do is look at the available data and you will be able to piece together the whole picture.

Essay on Narrative Writing - What Not to Do

Essay on Narrative Writing - What Not to DoIf you are looking for a great essay on narrative writing, then you need to know a few things. Do not just write a one-page essay on it and expect to be a success. Here are some things you should not do.Boring! First of all, the truth is that it's very easy to make your essay on narrative writing boring. You want to be able to make it interesting enough to keep people's attention, but at the same time, not make it so boring that it doesn't even register with you as a topic for an essay. And to achieve this, you must do things differently than you would if you were writing about something else.For example, instead of giving a brief description of the scene, give a paragraph or two on the situation. Talk about how the characters reacted to it, what the scene was like, what the characters did, how the characters felt about it. Show their emotions, and do the same for the setting. Give examples that are not too specific, and explain what kind of emotions or thoughts they had at the moment.Another thing you must do is have a style guide. Not just any style guide, a good style guide that tells you how to structure a scene is something you need. You don't want your essay on narrative writing to look like a case study in composition! A good guide will tell you when to use exclamation points, what tone to use, how to avoid using past tense verbs, and other things that are important for conveying your ideas effectively.The way you speak during an essay is also a key point to remember. Not only do you need to sound natural, but you also need to make sure that the way you speak fits the way you are writing. The best way to do this is to practice, and use a simple practice essay that contains scenes of narrative writing. Do this until you can produce the right tone, and speak accordingly.Finally, it is important to remember that, in order to make your essay on narrative writing interesting, you will need to incorporate personal sto ries and anecdotes into your outline. Again, don't write the same story again, but instead, write several different stories. One that deals with your favorite animal, another about something you read in a magazine, and so on.Make sure that these stories are included because they can add a lot to your essay on narrative writing, but also because they can help you to relate your essays on narrative writing to your personal experiences. It's not very often that you will come across an essay on narrative writing that has been written from your own experiences. It helps with the flow of the story and makes you more comfortable in speaking about things that can be quite difficult to write about, such as emotions and feelings.By making sure that you do not forget any of the small details, you will be able to incorporate them in your essays on narrative writing. One note of caution though: always make sure that you do not plagiarize. When writing for essays, especially when you are using so meone else's words, it is important to be sure that you are not being taken advantage of.

The choices faced in stock investment - Free Essay Example

Choosing the right stock for investment is usually a hard and a difficult decision for investment and portfolio managers as the action of selecting a stock to buy is not that easy due to the different perspectives that need to be evaluated before taking the action of purchasing a stock. The decision to purchase stock includes the necessary evaluation of several perspectives, this leads to Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) which is considered a multi-criteria decision-making tool that can select the most efficient stocks from a large combination of stocks. In this chapter, the usefulness of Data Envelopment Analysis as an efficiency measurement tool used for ideal stock selection and portfolio construction is presented several studies are presented which examines the effect of corporate action announcements on share prices and trading activities. This subject has encouraged researchers to publish many theoretical and empirical studies for more than 40 years. In literature, the majority of studies found that corporate action announcements such as dividend, capital increase, and earnings per share (EPS) announcements, have strong effects on the share prices and trading activities, and that these effects appear in a predictable manner around critical dates; and therefore, it is important for the trading desk in any firm to have access to accurate and timely data on such corporate actions in order to conduct proper and more efficient trading strategies. However, a more careful look at literature reveals a vast amount of contradictions in the empirical studies done on corporate action announcement. This chapter tackles the background overview of these studies and shows the contradictions between them. This chapter starts with a brief about Kuwait economy then an overview about the Kuwait Stock Exchange, its regulation and the t rading rules in Kuwait Stock Exchange. Then in the following part 2.4, the concept of stock selection is discussed via highlighting the validity of different methods used for stock selection .Part 2.5 gives an overview about Data Envelopment Analysis, its history, models and its strengths and limitations. This chapter ends with part 2.6 that shows previous researches that examined the use of Data Envelopment Analysis as a useful tool for stock selection. 2.2 Kuwait Economy Kuwait is considered a geographically small country (ranked number 157 worldwide), but with a high crude oil reserves of about 102 billion barrels (9% of world reserves), petroleum accounts for 50% of GDP, 95% of export incomes. Kuwaiti government estimation is to increase oil production to 4 million barrel/day by 2020. High oil prices was the reason behind the ability of Kuwait to bypass the economic crisis, where in 2008 it reported a 10 successive years of budget surpluses before reporting a budget deficit in 2009. In 2009 the Kuwaiti government allocated $140 billion for a five year plan in order to diversify its income via attracting more investment, and increasing the private sector participation in the economy.(CIA world-factbook, 2010) 2.3 Kuwait Stock exchange (KSE) 2.3.1 Kuwait Stock exchange overview The  Kuwait Stock Exchange  was established by law in 1977 and it is considered as the first and largest stock exchanges in the  gulf  region. Since 1977 KSE went through many changes until it was organized by an Amiri decree on 1983, where many regulations and decisions where taken by the ministry of commerce, and KSE committee to come up with the rules that can comply with the international standards in order to enhance the performance of the stock market in Kuwait. In 1990 after the Iraqi invasion KSE postponed its work till the liberation of Kuwait in 1992, and then in 1995 it became the most active market in the Arab World after the adoption of an automated trading system. In year 2000 was the start of foreigners participation in KSE via owning shares of Kuwaiti shareholding companies. James (2007) By the end 2007 KSE was ranked number 38 within the world largest stock market capitalisation with about $188 billion. (Economist, 2010) While in 2 009 it was ranked number 34 with a market capital of $96 billion. (CIA world-factbook, 2010) In 2002 KSE contained 77 listed companies ,while now in 2010 KSE contains 229 company distributed on 10 sectors which are the banking sector ( 9 companies),investment sector (51 company), insurance sector ( 7 companies), real estate sector ( 39 companies), industrial sector ( 28 companies ), services sector ( 60 companies), food sector ( 6 companies), non Kuwaities sector ( 14 company), mutual fund sector ( 1 company) and the parallel market sector ( 14 company) . (Kuwait Stock Exchange, 2010) 2.3.2 Kuwait Stock exchange regulations Upon these rules in 2007 In order to protect the rights of investors KSE Committee took the decision No. (4) for the Year 2007 which states that all listed companies in the KSE must organize their general assembly meeting at the end of each companys financial year within a period of 45 days from the KSE committee approval date on its annual financial statements, where all the companies must distribute the cash and share dividends to shareholders in a period of 10 working days after the approval taken within the companys general assembly meeting. (Kuwait Stock Exchange, 2010) 2.3.3 KSE trading rules Trading in KSE regular market is characterized by 2 main issues the first one is the ability of only trading shares in the form of units ranging from 500 shares till 80000 shares and the second is the limitation of the stock price fluctuation during a day trade where the main guide of the following rules is the price of the stock in the market as according to the price share the investor is obligated to buy and sell shares in form of units where the share prices can fluctuate 5 pricing units daily according to its category. (Kuwait Stock Exchange, 2010) Stock Price (Fils) Value Unit Unit Change (Fils) Max Daily Change (5 Units) 0.5:50 80,000 0.5 50.5 = 2.5 Fils 51:100 40,000 1 51 = 5 Fils 102:250 20,000 2 52 = 10 Fils 255:500 10,000 5 55 = 25 Fils 510:1000 5,000 10 510 = 50 Fils 1020:2520 2,500 20 520 = 100 Fils 2520:5000 1,000 20 520 = 100 Fils 5050:9050 500 50 50X5 = 250 Fi ls 2.4 Stock selection Ideal stock selection is the goal of each portfolio manger in order to reach the optimum combination of stocks to form an investment portfolio that yields the best results in terms of ROI and to increase the value of the portfolio. Michael Yan-Leung (1998) investigated the practice of investment management in Hong Kong regarding stock selection as a 142 investment managers from several categories were asked to rank the importance of fundamental analysis, technical analysis and portfolio analysis as methods for stock selection, results showed that fundamental and technical analyses comes first followed by portfolio analysis. Michael, et al. (1998) This was relevant with the survey done by Carter and Van Auken (1990) over 185 portfolio managers in the United States as the result showed that fundamental analysis was ranked number one followed by technical analysis and in the third rank came the portfolio analysis. Carter, et al. (1990) Several studies and researches have bee n done in order to evaluate these strategies. Starting with the random stock selection Hsin-Hung Chen (2008) outline Jensens (1968) New evidence on size and price-to-book effects in stock returns demonstrated that fund managers in financial service industry generally failed to outperform a random selection of stocks. (Jensen, 1968, in Hsin-Hung Chen, 2008). Ion Elena (2010) studied portfolio analysis as a strategy for stock selection via examining the efficiency of investing the whole capital in one sector and the efficiency of investing the capital in a diversified portfolio where the results showed that the portfolios based on stocks from one sector showed a higher return than portfolios based on stocks from diversified sectors. Ion Elena (2010) Lukas Menkhoff (2010) concluded in his survey study about the use of technical analysis as a stock selection tool by fund managers via analyzing survey evidence from 692 fund managers in five countries, the vast majority of whom re ly on technical analysis. At a forecasting horizon of weeks, technical analysis is the most important form of analysis and up to this horizon it is thus more important than fundamental analysis. Technicians are as experienced as educated, as successful in their career and largely just as overconfident in decision-making as others. However, technical analysis is somewhat more popular in smaller asset management firms. What we find most significant is the relation of technical analysis with the view that prices are heavily determined by psychological influences. Lukas Menkhoff (2010) Going through the fundamental analysis based strategy which is defined as a method of evaluating  a security  that entails  attempting to measure  its intrinsic value by examining related economic, financial and other qualitative and quantitative factors. (Investopedia, 2010) Many studies done on evaluating the efficiency of this strategy upon them is the research study o f Jane Stephen (1989) which resulted in that if an extensive financial statement analysis is done to the data from financial statements it is possible to predict future stock returns as this fundamental measure captures equity values that are not reflected in stock prices. Jane Stephen (1989) The use of data envelopment analysis in order to analyse multiple financial ratios in order to identify the most efficient stocks will be discussed in sector number 2.5 2.5 Data envelopment analysis overview Efficiency, defined as the competency in performance, was always the goal of any productive person, firm or any other entity as efficiency can classify any unit and categorizes it in the top of the rank if it is highly efficient or at the bottom of the rank if it is inefficient. Data envelopment analysis represents one of the most widely used tools to measure the efficiency as it was described by Charnes, Cooper, Rhodes (1978) as a mathematical programming model applied to observational data that provides a new way of obtaining empirical estimates of relations such as the production functions and/or efficient production possibility surfaces that are cornerstones of modern economics (Charnes, et al., 1978). 2.5.1 Introduction Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is considered a recent manner of evaluating the performance or the efficiency of a group of units or entities called Decision Making Units (DMUs).In the last few years DEA was used to evaluate the performance of different types of DMUs such as health care organisations, military units, schools, firms and countries. Cooper, Seiford Zhu (2004) sited that DEA has also been used to supply new insights into activities (and entities) that have previously been evaluated by other methods. For instance, studies of benchmarking practices with DEA have identified numerous sources of inefficiency in some of the most profitable firms firms that had served as benchmarks by reference to this (profitability) criterion and this have provided a vehicle for identifying better benchmarks in many applied studies. (Cooper, et al., 2004). What makes DEA different from other methods is that it is firstly based on building frontiers and not on central tendencies and secondly its minimal need for assumptions, due to these differences, DEA shows a superior perfection in defining efficiency or in explaining why one DMU is more efficient than another DMU which is achieved via a direct way without the extensive need of assumptions required by other methods as with linear and nonlinear regression models. Relative efficiency in DEA is neglecting the need of taking into consideration a pre-measurement of relative importance to any input or output Definition 1 (Efficiency Extended Pareto-Koopmans Definition): Full (100%) efficiency is attained by any DMU if and only if none of its inputs or outputs can be improved without worsening some of its other inputs or outputs. (Cooper, et al., 2004). This definition is replaced by Definition 2 because in the majority of the cases the efficiency theoretical possible levels are unknown. Definition 2 (Relative Efficiency): A DMU is to be rated as fully (100%) efficient on the basis of available eviden ce if and only if the performances of other DMUs does not show that some of its inputs or outputs can be improved without worsening some of its other inputs or outputs. (Cooper, et al., 2004). Here it is important to mention that this definition is sparing two needs firstly is the need of weights to show the relative importance of the different inputs or outputs and secondly is the need of noticing the formal relations that are supposed to exist between inputs and outputs. 2.5.2 Data envelopment analysis history It was in the mid 50s where the first approach to DEA was developed by Farrell (1957) as he was in need to create a better way to evaluate efficiency and productivity this need raised after his unsuccessful tries to simultaneously use the measurements of several inputs in efficiency measurement as he came up with an analytical approach that could solve the problem. (Cooper, et al., 2004). After Farrell studies several models and methods was developed where the first DEA model named CCR model referred to Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes (1978) which raised in response to the thesis efforts of Edwardo Rhodes Under the supervision of W.W. Cooper, this thesis was to be directed to evaluate educational programs for disadvantaged students in a series of large scale studies undertaken in U.S. Rhodes secured access to the data being processed for that study, the data base was sufficiently large so that issues of degrees of freedom, etc., were not a serious problem despite the numerous input and output variables used in the study. Since the initial study by Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes some 2000 articles have appeared in the literature. See Cooper, Seiford and Tone (2000). See also G. Tavares (2003). Such rapid growth and widespread (and almost immediate) acceptance of the methodology of DEA is testimony to its strengths and applicability. Researchers in a number of fields have quickly recognized that DEA is an excellent methodology for modeling operational processes, and its empirical orientation and minimization of a priori assumptions has resulted in its use in a number of studies involving efficient frontier estimation in the nonprofit sector, in the regulated sector, and in the private sector. At present, DEA actually encompasses a variety of alternate (but related) approaches to evaluating performance. Extensions to the original CCR work have resulted in a deeper analysis of both the multiplier side from the dual model and the envelopment side from the pri mal model of the mathematical duality structure. Properties such as isotonicity, nonconcavity, economies of scale, piecewise linearity, Cobb-Douglas loglinear forms, discretionary and nondiscretionary inputs, categorical variables, and ordinal relationships can also be treated through DEA. Actually the concept of a frontier is more general than the concept of a production function which has been regarded as fundamental in economics in that the frontier concept admits the possibility of multiple production functions, one for each DMU, with the frontier boundaries consisting of supports which are tangential to the more efficient members of the set of such frontiers. 2.5.3 Data envelopment analysis models BCC The BCC model is one of the most commonly used DEA models. It is credited to Banker, Charnes, and Cooper. This model differs from the CCR model in that it exhibits variable returns to scale rather than constant returns to scale. CCR Perhaps the most commonly used DEA model originating with Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes. This model exhibits constant returns to scale. Book pdf 2.5.4 Definitions Book pdf Inputs and outputs Inputs are the resources used by a DMU in achieving its goals. Inputs are bads in that increasing levels of an input while holding everything else constant should generally result in a lower efficiency score. Outputs have the opposite property. Examples of DEA inputs might include the number of staff assigned to a team or capital expenditures in networking. Outputs might be lines of code or reduced computing time. Orientation DEA models often have two important but underappreciated variations based on the orientation of the model. An input-oriented model primarily focuses on input reduction while an output-oriented primarily model focuses on output augmentation. Returns to scale Two of the most common returns to scale assumptions are constant and variable. Constant returns to scale (or CRS) implies that doubling each of the inputs used by a DMU should double each of the outputs. Variable returns to scale (or VRS) implies that doubling each of the inpu ts used by a DMU does not necessarily double each of the outputs. weight restrictions DEA normally does not place any restrictions on the relative trade-offs between the inputs or the trade-offs between the outputs. This can lead to unrealistic or extreme trade-offs. Various weight restriction techniques can be applied to overcome this. 2.5.5 Data envelopment analysis strengths and limitations C. Strengths of Data Envelopment Analysis DAE is considered an excellent technique when used in the right position; its excellence comes from its ability of dealing with multiple inputs and outputs, it doesnt require to unify the units between inputs and outputs and that each DMU can be compared against a combination of other DMUs Although it considered a powerful tool it still have its limitations that must be kept in mind in order to decide either to use or not to use DEA ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Since DEA is an extreme point technique, noise (even symmetrical noise with zero mean) such as measurement error can cause problems. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ DEA is good at estimating relative efficiency of a DMU, but it converges very slowly to true efficiency. In other words, it can tell you how well you are doing compared to your peers but not compared to a theoretical maximum. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ Since DEA is a nonparametric technique, stat istical hypothesis tests are difficult and are the focus of ongoing research. Since a standard formulation of DEA creates a separate linear program for each DMU, large problems can be computationally intensive. Naive implementations of DEA using off-the-shelf linear programming packages can result in computational problems. I have frequently seen this with respect to the Excel Solver and poorly scaled data. This has improved in recent versions of Excel (Excel 2000s Solver seems to be much more robust), but the prevalence of degeneracy and potential for cycling are still cause for concern. Book pdf 2.6 Previous studies 2.6.1 Introduction This section will highlight on the previous researches that assessed DEA as a selection tools used by portfolio managers in their investment decisions. 2.6.2 Stock selection using data envelopment analysis previous studies. The first research done to assess the use of DEA models in stock selection and to compare the performances of the portfolios constructed by DEA analysis versus stock market indices was carried out by Hsin-Hung Chen (2008). In his study Hsin-Hung Chen used two DEA models the CCR and BCC models to evaluate the efficiency of the firms listed in the Taiwan Stock Exchange to construct portfolios by selecting stocks with high efficiency from the listed stocks, where the return rates of the portfolios constructed by DEA models and market indices were compared via empirical data analysis. In this study Hsin-Hung Chen used average equity, average asset, and sales cost as inputs for the DEA models and he used revenues, operating profit and net income as outputs for the DEA models where the software DEA-Frontier was used to solve the DEA models. Hsin-Hung Chen used the historical financial ratios and stock prices of the firms listed in eight major industries on the Taiwan Stock Excha nge as the empirical data, where stocks are selected by DEA methods for portfolio construction. The empirical data used in this study covers the period from the second quarter of 2004 to the second quarter of 2007. Based on the financial data of the second quarter of 2004, stocks are selected and portfolios are constructed then the performances of these portfolios in the next quarter (the third quarter of 2004) are compared with the average returns of all stocks in the eight major industries. From the second quarter of 2004 to the first quarter of 2007, the same procedure is repeated to construct portfolios and compare their performances with average industry stock returns in the next quarter. As a conclusion of the research portfolios constructed by DEA models demonstrated good ability to create noticeably superior returns. The BCC portfolios achieved superior returns of 6.90 per cent, 3.48 per cent, 6.51 per cent and the CCR portfolios achieved superior returns of 5.86 per cent, 4 .16 per cent, 5.72 per cent for year 1, year 2 and year 3, respectively. Another research was done by Ana Lopes (2008) DEA investment strategy in the Brazilian stock market, this research assessed a multi-period investment strategy applied to the Brazilian stock market using DEA models to select efficient stocks where price to earnings ratio, beta, and return volatility for each stock where the inputs and earnings per share, and the last 12, 36, and 60 month return where the outputs. To be included in the sample the stock should belong to the IBrX-100 index (the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange value-weighted index) at the beginning of each of the 22 quarters along the period of Jan/2001 to Jun/2006. Stocks considered to be efficient were selected to make up a portfolio at the beginning of a quarter. In each of the 22 quarters DEA-portfolio was composed by an investment of the same proportion for each efficient stock so the portfolio was equally weighted. The acquisition of the stocks on the first day of a quarter and the sale on the last day of the same quarter was simulated. For the calculation of the return for each stock, the closing price on the first and last day of the quarter was used. The same procedure was adopted for calculating the IBrX100 index returns. The research results showed that during the 22 quarters the portfolio constructed via DEA performed much better than the IBrX-100 index. Lopes, Ana, Edgar Lanzer, Marcus Lima, and Newton da Costa, Jr., (2008) DEA investment strategy in the Brazilian stock market. Economics Bulletin, Vol. 13, No. 2 pp. 1-10 2.7 The Case of Kuwait

Research Paper Topics For Marriage And Family Counseling

Research Paper Topics For Marriage And Family CounselingWhen a relationship is in crisis, it is sometimes best to refocus on research paper topics for marriage and family counseling. The problems that occur in a marriage or a family are important to both partners and to the entire family. The focus should be on problems that can be easily fixed and on problems that are so severe they require extensive and specialized attention.Any type of marital problems is a good place to start. A list of ten marital problems is easy to create and manageable. The list is not limited to those issues because marital problems can involve infidelity, a lack of sex, children fighting, conflict, other types of problems, an unhappy relationship with a spouse, financial problems, abuse, death of a spouse, a death of a partner, and death of a parent.Research the problems for accuracy, this is a very good basis for therapy. Decide that problem needs to be addressed and make a list of what is required for add ressing that problem. Have a list of questions ready. Questions can be asked before, during, and after each session.The focus should be on the cause of the particular problem. If the issue can be defined and addressed the therapist may end up in a discussion about a resolution.Evaluate possible interventions for the problems if necessary. For example, in a rape situation, the sexual assault might be stopped by a talk about abstinence and then by an intervention. Discuss with the client the ramifications of any intervention and make sure that he or she understands the process involved.Therapy can go beyond this basic outline and should take into account every other issue of importance. Some are minor and some are serious. If some are serious, the therapist may want to discuss with the client the consequences of continuing on with the issues. This can be very emotional for the client, so a counselor should be sensitive to this and should try to help in any way possible.Analyze the dif ferent problems that can be handled by a counselor and what is available. If each problem can be resolved with minimal involvement of the therapist, it may be worth the time and expense. Otherwise, a therapist will need to find ways to become involved and become a true advisor. Once a relationship has come to a point where help is needed, it may be wise to continue the counseling with the client to assist the couple and the family with ongoing life support.Selecting specific research paper topics for marriage and family counseling will require a bit of creativity but the research questions should be relatively easy to answer and relatively simple. Getting a clear idea of what works best will make future sessions easier and more successful.